What complication can occur from overzealous ventilation?

Barotrauma occurs as a complication from overzealous ventilation due to excessive pressure applied to the lungs and surrounding structures. When ventilation is provided at high volumes or pressures, it can lead to the rupture of alveoli, resulting in air leaks into the pleural space or surrounding tissues. This can cause significant injury to the lung tissue and can ultimately lead to pneumothorax or other respiratory complications.

In contrast, hypercapnia, which refers to an elevated level of carbon dioxide in the blood, is typically associated with inadequate ventilation rather than excessive ventilation. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs, which is not directly caused by the mechanics of ventilation. Choking involves an obstruction of the airway, which is unrelated to the effects of mechanical ventilation. Thus, barotrauma is clearly the complication that is directly linked to the effects of providing too much pressure or volume during ventilation.