What is the primary function of the epiglottis?

The primary function of the epiglottis is to protect the trachea during swallowing. This simple but crucial structure is a flap of cartilage located at the entrance of the larynx. Its main role is to prevent food and liquid from entering the airway when a person swallows. When swallowing occurs, the epiglottis folds down over the trachea, directing the food down the esophagus instead of into the airways. This action is vital for preventing choking and aspiration, which can lead to serious respiratory complications. Understanding this function is essential for recognizing how the respiratory system and digestive system work together and how proper swallowing mechanics are important for maintaining airway safety.