What is the typical respiratory rate for adults at rest?

The typical respiratory rate for adults at rest falls within the range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. This standard range is established based on physiological norms for healthy adults in a resting state, reflecting the body's need for oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide during normal metabolic processes. It represents a balance where the respiratory system is effectively managing gas exchange without excessive effort.

A rate below this range, such as 8 to 12 breaths per minute, may indicate bradypnea, which can occur in certain medical conditions or in cases of respiratory depression. Conversely, a rate of 20 to 30 breaths per minute may be categorized as tachypnea, suggesting increased respiratory drive due to anxiety, exercise, or pathology. Exceeding 30 breaths per minute could indicate significant respiratory distress or hyperventilation, which is generally not characteristic of a resting adult. Thus, understanding the normal range is essential for assessing respiratory health and identifying potential abnormalities in clinical settings.