What method is used to deliver positive pressure ventilation through an endotracheal tube?

The correct answer is mechanical ventilation. This method is specifically designed to provide positive pressure ventilation, which is essential for patients who are unable to breathe effectively on their own due to various medical conditions. Mechanical ventilation works by delivering a predetermined volume or pressure of air into the lungs through an endotracheal tube, ensuring that the patient receives adequate oxygenation and ventilation.

Mechanical ventilation is crucial in situations of respiratory failure or severe respiratory distress, where manual techniques may not be sufficient to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation. It allows for controlled delivery of air and can be adjusted based on the patient's needs, security of airway, and the specifics of their respiratory condition.

In contrast, manual resuscitation, while it can also provide positive pressure ventilation, is typically used in acute scenarios such as during a cardiac arrest or while transporting a patient. Oxygen therapy mainly focuses on increasing the oxygen available to the patient's lungs but does not create the necessary positive pressure required for ventilation. CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) is a similar technique but is generally used for patients who can still breathe independently and is not categorized as a method for providing the same comprehensive ventilation support offered by mechanical ventilation.